巴西专利BR112014003962B1 FLOOR PANELS PROVIDED WITH A LOCKING SYSTEM

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专利摘要:
mechanical locking system for floor panels. the present invention relates to construction panels, especially floor panels, which are provided with a locking system comprising several cavities and local protuberances which provide for horizontal locking of the first and second edges of adjacent panels.
公开号:BR112014003962B1
申请号:R112014003962-3
申请日:2012-08-28
公开日:2021-04-13
发明作者:Darko Pervan
申请人:Ceraloc Innovation Ab；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

TECHNICAL FIELD
[001] The present invention relates to mechanical locking systems for floor panels and construction panels. The invention shows floor plates, locking systems and production methods. FIELD OF APPLICATION OF THE INVENTION
[002] The modalities of the present invention are particularly suitable for use on floating floors, which are formed of floor panels that are mechanically joined with a locking system integrated with the floor panel, that is, assembled at the factory, are produced in a one or more top layers of wood or varnished wood, decorative laminate, surfaces based on powder or decorative plastic material, an intermediate core of material based on wood fiber or plastic material and preferably a lower equilibrium layer on the rear side of the core. Floor panels with a stopper surface layer, linoleum, rubber or soft layers, for example, needle felt glued to a board, printed and preferably also varnished surface are included. Modalities of the present invention can also be used to join building panels that preferably contain a board material, for example, wall panels, ceilings, furniture components and the like.
[003] The following description of the known technique, problems of the known and objective systems and characteristics of modalities of the present invention will, as a non-restrictive example, be aimed at all floor panels and especially thin floor panels such as vinyl tiles luxury a, generally referred to as LVT, with long and short edges intended to be mechanically joined to each other not only on the long edge but also on the short edge.
[004] The long and short edges are mainly used to simplify the description of the modalities of the present invention. The panels can be square. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[005] As shown in Figures 1a and 1b, LVT paving in general comprises a transparent wear layer 3 which can be coated with a PU varnish 2, preferably UV-cured, a decorative plastic sheet 4 and one or more layers core 5a, 5b which in general are of different density and hardness. The relevant parts of that description of known technology are also a part of the present invention.
[006] Thin LVT floors with a thickness of 2-3 mm have traditionally been installed by gluing the subfloor. Recently LVT floors have been introduced to the market that comprise a mechanical locking system, which allows a glue-free floating installation. This facilitates installation and eliminates a lot of work to prepare the subfloor for bonding.
[007] The referred LVT floors have in general a thickness of 4 - 5 mm. Said thickness is mainly necessary in order to form the locking system. The panel itself is strong and flexible and the thickness of about 3 mm would be sufficient in many applications, but it may not be adequate since it is difficult to form a locking system on said thin floors.
[008] LVT floating floors of this type, however, present several disadvantages. They are heavy. The density is, for example, about 1.6 kg / dm3 compared to about 0.8 kg / dm3 for laminate floors. Temperature sensitivity is more than three times higher than for laminate floors. An LVT floor can move about 2 mm / M when the temperature is changing 20 degrees Celsius.
[009] The aforementioned problems related to thickness are also applicable to other high-quality floor panels such as floors based on wood powder with high density and quality. The additional cost of forming a locking system is considerable since the material content of the floor panel as a whole has to be increased by 25% or more. DEFINITION OF SOME TERMS
[0010] In the text below, the visible surface of the installed floor panel is called "front side", while the opposite side of the floor panel, facing the subfloor, is called "rear side". The border between the front and rear is called the "joining edge". By "horizontal plane" is meant a plane, which extends parallel to the outer part of the surface layer. The immediately juxtaposed upper parts of two adjacent joining edges of two floor panels joined together define a "vertical plane" perpendicular to the horizontal plane. By "vertical locking" is meant locking parallel to the vertical plane. By "horizontal locking" is meant locking parallel to the horizontal plane.
[0011] By "up" is meant towards the front side, by "down" towards the rear side, by "inward" mainly horizontally towards an inner and central part of the panel and by "outward "mainly horizontally away from the central part of the panel.
[0012] By "locking systems" is meant elements of connection and connection, which connects the floor panels vertically and / or horizontally. By "strip plane" is meant a horizontal plane positioned at the lowest part of the upper strip body surface. By "groove plane" is meant a horizontal plane positioned at the top and inside of a locking groove. RELATED TECHNIQUE AND PROBLEMS OF THE SAME
[0013] Figures 1a and 1b show an LVT floor panel with a locking system that is locked at an angle. Horizontal locking is achieved by a locking strip 6 having a strip body 7 and a locking element 8 formed on a panel edge 1 that locks within the locking groove 14 formed on another adjacent panel edge 1 '.
[0014] The strip body 7 has a strip surface 7a. A strip plane SP is positioned at the lowest part of the strip surface 7a. The locking groove 14 has a vertical extension that is necessary to house the locking element 8. A plane of the GP groove is positioned at the top of the locking groove 14. The thickness of the floor panel must be adapted for that necessary vertical distance between the strip strip SP and the slot plane GP. The thickness of the floor panel can be reduced by 25% and more if it is possible to use a locking system where the vertical distance between the strip plane SP and the slot plane GP can be reduced or even completely eliminated.
[0015] It will be a great advantage if thin panels can be locked with a locking system that does not require vertical deep locking grooves and locking elements that extend vertically from the main strip body. It will also be an advantage if the weight can be reduced and if the problems related to temperature changes, especially in installations with floor heating, can be eliminated. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0016] The general purpose modalities of the present invention are to provide an improved and more effective locking system that can be used mainly on thin pavements and pavements with flexible and soft core layers.
[0017] A specific objective is to reduce the weight of LVT floors and adapt the panel so that it is suitable to be installed in areas, which are subject to considerable temperature changes. Another specific objective is to provide cost effective production methods for producing locking systems especially on thin floor panels.
[0018] The above objectives of modalities of the present invention are achieved totally or partially by locking systems and floor panels according to modalities of the present invention.
[0019] A first aspect of the present invention relates to construction panels provided with a locking system for vertical and horizontal locking of the first and second edges of adjacent panels. Said locking system comprising a tongue and a tongue groove for vertical locking. The strip on the first edge is provided with a locking element, which cooperates for horizontal locking with an open downward locking groove formed on the second adjacent edge. The strip comprises a strip body with a cavity and the second edge comprises a local protrusion that extends downwards. The protrusion is located in the cavity when the panels are locked vertically and horizontally.
[0020] The locking element can be a part of a cavity and the strip body can comprise several cavities.
[0021] The cavity preferably extends entirely through the strip body.
[0022] The second edge may comprise several local protuberances.
[0023] The locking element and / or the protrusions may be discontinuous along the edge.
[0024] The strip body may comprise a horizontal strip plane that is positioned at the lowest part of the upper strip surface and the locking groove that comprises a horizontal groove plane that is positioned at the top and inner part of the locking groove , so that the strip plane and the groove plane are closer to each other vertically than the vertical extent of the locking element.
[0025] The locking system can comprise a strip plane and groove plane that are located essentially in the same horizontal plane.
[0026] A second aspect of the present invention is a method for producing a panel with a locking system. The method comprises the steps of: forming a part of the cavities with perforation; and forming a part of the protrusions by a screw cutter.
[0027] The locking system can be formed on long and / or short edges and can be locked with angled and / or horizontal fit and / or vertical fold.
[0028] A third aspect of the present invention is the construction panel according to the first aspect produced by the method according to a second aspect.
[0029] A fourth aspect of the present invention is construction panels provided with a locking system for vertical and horizontal locking of the first and second edges of adjacent panels. Said system is configured to lock the edges by a vertical displacement of the adjacent edges in relation to each other. The locking system comprises a separate tongue fixed to a fixing groove. Said tongue cooperates with a tongue groove for vertical locking. The strip on the first edge is provided with a locking element, which cooperates for horizontal locking with the open downward locking groove formed on the second adjacent edge.
[0030] The strip comprises a strip body with a cavity and the second edge comprises a local protrusion that extends downwards. The protrusion is located in the cavity when the panels are locked vertically and horizontally. The lower part of the tongue groove is in the locked position located in essentially the same horizontal plane as the upper part of the strip surface.
[0031] The locking element can be a part of the cavity.
[0032] The cavity preferably extends entirely through the strip body.
[0033] The strip body can comprise several cavities.
[0034] The second edge may comprise several local protuberances.
[0035] A fifth aspect of the present invention is construction panels provided with a locking system for vertical and horizontal locking of the first and second edges of adjacent panels. Said system is configured to lock the edges by a vertical displacement of the adjacent edges in relation to each other. The locking system comprises a tongue, which cooperates with a tongue groove or a recess for vertical locking. The strip on the first edge is provided with a locking element, which cooperates for horizontal locking with the open downward locking groove formed on the second adjacent edge. The strip comprises a strip body with a cavity. The second edge comprises a local protrusion that extends downwards. The protrusion is located in the cavity when the panels are locked vertically and horizontally.
[0036] The tongue can be located at the bottom of the protrusion.
[0037] The cavity preferably extends entirely through the strip body.
[0038] A sixth aspect of the present invention is a method for producing a panel comprising a locking system that locks vertically and / or horizontally. The method comprises the steps of: - forming a part of the locking system with knives that comprise an open cutting edge in essentially V or U shape; and - moving the sectioned material so that it flows inside the open cutting edge during cutting.
[0039] A seventh aspect of the present invention is a method for separating a sheet on a first and a second floor panel and for forming two adjacent edges comprising a locking system that locks vertically and / or horizontally. The first edge comprises the lower part which protrudes horizontally in addition to an upper part and the second edge comprises an upper part which protrudes horizontally beyond the lower part. The method comprises the steps of: - cutting the sheet and separating the panels by cutting knives that cut horizontally and vertically; and - forming the lower part in the first panel and an upper part in the second panel by said cut.
[0040] An eighth aspect of the present invention is floor panels, provided with a locking system for vertical and / or horizontal locking of the first and second edges of adjacent panels, comprising a plastic wear layer and one or more layers plastic core with several flexible, essentially vertical grooves that have a vertical extension of at least about one third of the core thickness.
[0041] The flexible grooves can be covered with a layer of lining.
[0042] The flexible grooves can be essentially parallel with the long edges and have a length that is less than the distance between the locking systems on the short edges.
[0043] A ninth aspect of the present invention is flexible floor panels with long and short edges provided with a locking system for vertical and / or horizontal locking of the first and second edges of adjacent panels. The panels comprise a flexible material that allows flexing with superimposed short edges. One of the long edges is provided with a plastic locking strip that extends along the edge and protrudes horizontally from the edge. The locking strip comprises at least one vertically extending protrusion configured to be inserted into the locking groove formed at the adjacent edge.
[0044] The locking strip can be an extruded section of thermoplastic.
[0045] The floor panel can have a length that is at least 15 times greater than the width. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0046] The description will be described below in connection with the exemplary modalities and in greater detail with reference to the exemplary drawings attached, in which:
[0047] Figures 1a-b illustrate floor panels and locking systems according to known technology.
[0048] Figures 2a-c illustrate two edge sections with a locking system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0049] Figures 3a-3c illustrate the locking with a locking system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0050] Figures 4a-d illustrate production methods for forming a locking system in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.
[0051] Figures 5a-d illustrate a locking system according to an embodiment of the present invention that can be locked with a vertical fold.
[0052] Figures 6a-d illustrate a separate strip portion connected to an edge according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0053] Figures 7a-b illustrate embodiments of the present invention.
[0054] Figures 8a-d illustrate a fold-type locking system with a separate tongue according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0055] Figures 9a-d illustrate a modality with a folding type locking system with a tongue produced in one piece with the panel.
[0056] Figures 10a-e illustrate embodiments of the present invention.
[0057] Figures 11a-f illustrate the separation of panels according to the modalities of the present invention.
[0058] Figures 12a-b illustrate a modality comprising cutting with a screw cutter.
[0059] Figures 13a-d illustrate a modality comprising the formation of a locking system with several knives.
[0060] Figures 14a-d illustrate a modality comprising an LVT panel with reduced weight and improved temperature properties.
[0061] Figures 15a-d illustrate a locking system installed with a vertical movement.
[0062] Figures 16a-d illustrate a locking system installed with a vertical movement.
[0063] Figures 17a-c illustrate a locking system installed with a vertical movement.
[0064] Figures 18a-d illustrate a locking system installed with an angle.
[0065] Figure 19 illustrates grooves formed on the rear side.
[0066] Figures 20a-b illustrate grooves formed on the rear side.
[0067] Figures 21a-d illustrate the installation of a flexible floor in the form of a roll.
[0068] Figures 22a-d illustrate a locking system comprising extruded profiles. Description of the Modalities of the Invention
[0069] To facilitate understanding, several locking systems in the figures are shown schematically. It must be emphasized that improved or different functions can be achieved using combinations of the modalities.
[0070] All modes can be used separately or in combinations. Angles, dimensions, rounded parts, spaces between surfaces, etc., are only examples and can be adjusted within the basic principles of the present invention.
[0071] Figure 2a shows from above an edge section of a first 1 and a second panel 1 'according to an embodiment of the present invention. Several cavities 20 are formed in the strip body 7 from the strip surface 7a to the rear side of the panel 1. The cavities extend horizontally to the locking element 8. Vertically extending cooperating protuberances 21 are formed in a second panel 1 'between the locking groove 14 and the latch 10. The locking element 8 in the present embodiment continues along the joint. The cooperating locking surfaces 42, 43 of the locking element and the locking groove are discontinuous.
[0072] Figure 2b shows a cross section A-A that intersects a cavity 20 and the protuberance 21. The strip plane SP and the groove plane GP are located essentially in the same horizontal plane. The protrusion 21 is formed so that it can be inserted into the cavity 20. The extent of the protuberance in the direction of the length of the joint is less than the corresponding extension of the cavity.
[0073] It is preferred that the protrusion is 2-5 mm smaller so that precise positioning during locking is not necessary when a first panel in a row is installed.
[0074] The locking element 8 is located completely below the strip surface 7a and the strip plane SP. This makes it possible to reduce the thickness of the floor since no locking groove 14 is required that extends above the strip plane SP.
[0075] Figure 2c shows the cross section B-B that intersects a part of strip 6 where no cavity is formed. Said unbroken strip body is connected to the locking element 8. The second adjacent edge 1 'has no protrusion and has no locking groove. The lower part of the edge 23 is essentially flat and extends essentially horizontally.
[0076] Figures 3a and 3b show the cross sections B-B and A-A in locked position. Figure 3c shows the angle lock. The locking system can also be designed so that it can be locked by horizontal and / or vertical locking where the strip bends backwards or a small tongue 10 is pressed into a tongue groove.
[0077] Figure 4a shows a method for forming cavity 20 with perforation. The panel is machined with the surface layer pointing downwards. A drill wheel 30 can be used to form the cavities 20 in line with the machining of the locking system when the panel is displaced in relation to the rotation of the cutting tools. The cavities can be formed as an intermediate step, when a part of the locking system is formed, or as a last step when the entire edge is formed - in line or as a separate operation. A rotary cutting tool 31 can be used, preferably after drilling, to form small guide surfaces on the locking element.
[0078] Figure 4b shows a method for forming local protuberances 21 with a screw cutter 32 that cut perpendicularly along the joint. Mobile saw blades can also be used.
[0079] Figures 4c and 4d show adjacent edges in a locked position. Figure 4d shows that the modalities of the present invention can preferably be combined with a small locking element 8 'which preferably comprises upper guide surfaces, and a small locking groove 14'.
[0080] Figure 4c shows that the construction panel may comprise a third core layer 5c, preferably positioned vertically within the strip 7, so that the strip 7 is reinforced. The third layer is in a preferred embodiment positioned on the cooperating surfaces of the locking element 8 and the locking groove 14. Said layer increases the locking resistance and makes it easier to position the locking element 8 within the locking groove 14. The core may comprise several of said layers.
[0081] Figures 5a -5c show that the horizontal lock according to one embodiment of the present invention can be combined with a flexible and displaceable tongue 11 which is fixed in a horizontally extending fixing groove 12 and which fits during the vertical fold. The present invention can be used in combination with all so-called folding systems that are locked with vertical engagement during the folding action or a lateral push action after folding when the panels are arranged flat on the subfloor. A separate tongue 11 can be attached to the first 1 or the second edge of the panel 1 '. Figure 5d shows a flexible bristle tongue comprising flexible protrusions 13. The tongue is displaced in the fixing groove 12 during the folding action. A separate tongue can also be attached to the groove and can comprise an outer part that is flexible.
[0082] Figures 6a - 6d show that the principles of the modalities of the present invention can be combined with the separate strip part 6 which is fixed to the panel edge and which comprises cavities 20, 20 '. A strip part 6 comprises fastener 33 and strip legs 34 which can be inserted into the grooves or pressed into the plastic core. A strip portion 6 can be formed so that it can be connected to the panel edge with essentially a horizontal fit.
[0083] Figures 7a and 7b show cavities that are formed so that the locking element 8 is discontinuous along the joint.
[0084] The modalities of the present invention make it possible to form a strong lock on floor panels of 3 mm or even thinner. The floor panel can be formed with an upper edge 24, as shown in figure 2c, of about 1 mm, a tongue 10 and a tongue groove 9 of about 1 mm and a strip body of about 1 mm. The locking element 8 and the locking groove 14 do not need material and this means that considerable cost savings can be achieved by reducing the thickness of the panel.
[0085] Figures 8a -8d show a folding type locking system suitable for very thin floor panels. A separate and preferably flexible and / or movable tongue 11 can be inserted into the fixing groove 12 which is formed so that its lower part is located essentially in the same horizontal plane HP as an upper part of strip 6. Strip 6 is a extension of the lower part of the fixing groove 12. The lower part 9a of the tongue groove 9 is in the locked position located essentially in the same horizontal plane HP as an upper part of the strip surface 7a. Figure 8b shows a second panel 1 'turned upside down with the surface pointing downwards. The separate tongue 11 overlaps vertically with the internal part of the cavity 20. An advantage is that the locking system can be formed in a thinner panel since the protrusions 21 are located in the cavities 20 below an upper part of the surface. strip 7a.
[0086] Figures 9a-9d show a locking system that can be locked with a vertical movement and that comprises a tongue 10a at the bottom of the protrusion 21. The tongue is in this embodiment formed in one piece with the panel.
[0087] Figure 9b shows that the locking element 8 comprises a flexible part 22 which folds essentially horizontally and outwards. The tongue 10a locks against a recess 15 formed in the lower part of the cavity 20. It is an advantage if the protuberance 21 is smaller in the direction of the length of the joint than the corresponding opening of the cavity 20. This facilitates the flexing of the flexible part 22 that will be propelled outward during locking. The panel may comprise a reinforcement layer 5c of, for example, fiberglass or a layer of strong plastic which can increase the strength and flexibility of the locking element. The reinforcement layer is preferably unbroken around the entire cavity 20. One or more tongues may be formed on the protrusion on the outer part 10a or on the inner part 10c or on one or both edges 10b, 10d along the joint.
[0088] Figures 10a - 10e show different modalities of the locking system shown in figure 9. Figure 10a shows a tongue 10c formed in an internal part of the protuberance which can comprise a flexion groove 16. Figures 10b and 10c show two tabs 10a, 10c with corresponding recesses 15, 15a. Figures 10c and 10d show a tongue and groove connection 10, 9 formed on an upper edge above the strip and Figure 10e shows a hook connection that only locks horizontally.
[0089] All the modalities shown in this description can be partially or completely combined and can be used optionally on long and / or short edges.
[0090] LVT panels are produced in sheets that are cut vertically into several individual floor panels 1, 1. The formation of the locking system creates a W waste, as shown in figure 11a. Figures 11b-11f show that cutting the individual panels vertically and horizontally can reduce the waste W. A cutting groove 36 is preferably formed with knives, carving tools or rotary cutting tools and various combinations of said tools. The panels are subsequently separated by a knife 35a which cuts essentially horizontally and a knife or notching tool 35b which cuts essentially vertically. Figure 11e shows that the first edge 1 is formed with the lower part 40 which protrudes horizontally in addition to an upper part and the second edge 1 'is formed with an upper part 41 which protrudes horizontally beyond the lower part. A non-linear cut with knives or a scraping tool can be formed and this can provide considerable material savings. Figure 11f shows that the total cut can be formed with a knife 35c that cuts vertically and horizontally.
[0091] Figures 12a and 12b show the formation of the edges of the panel by a screw cutter 32 that cuts perpendicularly in the direction of the displacement of the panel 1 'and forms the protuberances 21.
[0092] A locking system on a plastic-based pavement with LVT can be formed with conventional rotary cutting tools that cut like a saw blade but also partially or completely with cutting knives that can be fixed or rotatable. Carving tools can also be used. Figures 13a-13d show that all parts of a mechanical locking system can be formed by cutting knives that have a straight cutting edge 35a, 35b, 35c or that have an irregular shape 35d, 35e, 35f and 35g. Cutting knives with a straight edge are preferably rotary knives. The irregular knives are preferably formed as an open V- or U-shaped section that allows the sectioned material to flow inside the cutting tool 37 so that they can be removed when tool 35 or panel 1 is moved one in relation to the other.
[0093] The knives can be stationary and the panel can be moved in relation to the knives. It is also possible to move the knives in relation to a fixed panel.
[0094] The increase in temperature will facilitate all types of separation and edge formation with, for example, knives, notch, drill wheels, screw cutter etc., since the plastic material is considerably softer when the temperature is increased. The panel can be heated completely or only locally with, for example, infrared lamps, hot air, etc. that heat a part of the edge.
[0095] Chamfers or rounded edges are easily formed at high temperatures and with rollers or pressure wheels that compress and form the edges. Said forming devices can be embossed and the edges can be formed with the same structure as that of the panel surface. A decorative painting can be applied during training.
[0096] The parts of the locking system can also be formed with heat and rollers that press and form the edge.
[0097] LVT floors are very stable in humidity but they expand or retract when the temperature is changing. Some LVT floors can retract and expand by about 2 mm when the temperature is changing from 10 to 40 degrees Celsius. This can cause problems when floating LVT floors are installed, especially in a floor heating environment.
[0098] The main reason for temperature sensitivity is the type of plastic (PVC) that is used on a surface and core layers. The addition of special filters in the core layers can reduce temperature sensitivity.
[0099] The expansion and retraction can be compensated for by the flexibility of the panel. Said flexibility must be such that the locking system is able to keep the floor together at a low temperature and so that the panels will not bend or bend upwards when they expand at a high temperature.
[00100] Figures 14a, 14b and 14d show that flexibility can be increased considerably if several flexible grooves 19 are formed on the rear side of core 5b. said grooves can preferably be formed with knives along and / or across the plate. The sectioned material can be recycled completely and used to produce a new core. Slots can also be formed when the panel is pressed. Said production method is suitable when the sheets are pressed in a batch press. Knives can preferably be used when the sheets are produced in continuous presses. The material is very easy to remove when the material is hot.
[00101] Figures 14b, d show that the flexible grooves can be covered with a layer of lining 18 which can be foam or any other plastic material similar to the material used in the core. It is preferred that the flexible grooves 19 have a vertical extension of at least about one third of the thickness of the core.
[00102] Slots 19 can be used to reduce the weight of the panel.
[00103] Figure 14c shows that the inclusion of the layers that are more stable, for example, one or more layers of fiberglass or a sub-core 17 that preferably comprises wood fibers, can increase the temperature stability. Sub-core 17 can be a high quality HDF board or a wood powder based board with high moisture resistance.
[00104] Figures 15a-d show a locking system that is locked with a vertical fit. The protrusion 21 comprises a tongue 10a which cooperates with a recess 15a formed on the rear side of the locking element. The tongue 10 can be formed on an internal part of the protrusion 21. The protrusion 21 and the locking element are folded and displaced horizontally during the vertical movement, as shown in Figures 15b and 15c. Figure 15d shows the cross section where no protrusions and cavities are formed. Said cross section has only a horizontal lock. This modality is characterized by the fact that the locking system comprises a first set of sections along the joint that locks only horizontally and a second set of sections that locks horizontally and vertically. The locking system is also characterized by the fact that the protrusion 21 and the locking element 8 are displaced horizontally during the vertical movement.
[00105] Figures 16a - 16d show a locking system similar to the system shown in Figures 15a - d. The tongue 10a is however formed on an external part of the protrusion 21. The locking element 8 can also be discontinuous as shown in Figures 16c-d. Said geometry facilitates the formation of cavities 20 that can be formed with rotating tools. This modality is characterized by the fact that the locking system comprises a first set of sections along the joint (A-A) that locks only vertically and a second set of sections (B-B) that locks only horizontally.
[00106] Figures 17a-c show the locking of the locking system according to Figures 16a-d. A first set of sections A and a second set of sections B are displaced vertically in which the protrusion 21 is displaced horizontally and inward during locking.
[00107] Figures 18a-c show a locking system where the cavities 21 and the protuberances 20 are mainly used to guide the floor panels during the angulation action. The horizontal locking is carried out with cooperating locking surfaces 42, 43 on the locking element 8 and the locking groove 14 which is located above and below the strip plane SP. Strong locking can be achieved in plastic material with vertically extending locking surfaces that are only about 0.2 - 0.5 mm, especially if the locking angle 44 on a part of the locking surfaces is high, for example , about 90 degrees as shown in figure 18b. Locking is only possible if the protrusion is positioned above a cavity. Locking can be done in several steps. In the event that the protrusion 21 is not above the cavity 20 as shown in figure 18c, the panels will remain in an angled position. A displacement along the joint can subsequently occur and the protuberance 21 will automatically fall into the cavity 20 as shown in figure 18c. Figure 18 shows that the tongue 10 can be formed at the edge comprising a cavity 20. Said embodiment can be used to save material.
[00108] Figure 19 shows that flexible grooves 19 can be formed on the rear side with a length that is less than the length on the rear side. Said formation can be produced with rotating tools or with knives. The advantage is that flexible grooves 19 are not formed in the edge sections where the locking system is formed. The flexible grooves 19 can be essentially parallel with the long edges and can be of a length that is less than the distance between the locking systems on the short edges.
[00109] Figures 20a-b show that position markings 45 can be formed by mechanical formation or with colored dots on the tongue 10 so that they are visible from the front side. They can be used to position the protrusions 21 above the cavities 20. Figure 20b shows that the flexible grooves 19 can be discontinuous and arranged in various patterns.
[00110] Figures 21a-d show that flexible floors can be sent in rolls with short overlying edges where each roll corresponds to a row. The rollers are preferably 0.1 - 0.5 m wide and can comprise floor material which in the installed position has a length of several meters. The preferred embodiment is a roll comprising a flexible paving material, preferably PVC material, which in an unrolled and installed position has a length that is greater than 15 times the width. An even more preferred embodiment is a roll with an installed length that is greater than about 50 times the width. Said roll can be about 0.2 m wide and about 10 m long and can comprise 2 m2 of paving material. An extruded locking strip 46 comprising a first 47 and a second upwardly extending protuberance 48 can be attached to a retaining groove 49 on an edge of the roll. The first upwardly extending protuberance 47 is fixed to a retaining groove 49 of a first edge 1 and the second upwardly extending protuberance 48 is rolled up and pressed during installation into the locking groove 14 formed on the adjacent edge 1 'from a second roll. Said combined pressing and rolling actions facilitate the insertion of the protrusion 48 into the locking groove 14 since the protrusion is gradually inserted into the locking groove when the floor is unrolled.
[00111] Figures 22a-22d show that all of the modalities described above can be used to form locking strips 46a, 46b that can be attached to adjacent panel edges or roll edges as separate strips to provide vertical locking and / or horizontal. Figures 22b and 22c show that the perforation of an extruded plastic section can form locking strips comprising cavities 20 and protrusions 21. Figure 22d shows the locking strips in a locked position. The locking system is locked by vertical displacement where the protrusions 21 are inserted into the cavities 20 with a rolling motion. The first upwardly extending protuberance 47 can be combined or replaced with glue or thermal bonding. The locking strips can comprise several upwardly extending protrusions 48 ', 48 as shown in figure 22d.
[00112] The above methods can also be used to lock linoleum floors and other flexible floors.

权利要求:
Claims (11)
[0001]
1. Floor panels provided with a locking system for vertical and / or horizontal locking of a first edge (1) and a second edge (1 ') of adjacent floor panels, with the adjacent floor panels comprising a layer of plastic wear (3) and one or more layers of plastic core (5a, 5b), wherein: a layer of plastic core (5b) comprises several essentially vertical flexible grooves (19) with a vertical extension of at least one third of a core thickness of the plastic core layer (5b), the vertical flexible grooves (19) are essentially parallel with the long edges of the floor panels, characterized by the fact that the vertical flexible grooves (19) have a length which is less than a distance between the locking systems at the short edges of the floor panels, and the vertical flexible grooves (19) are discontinuous.
[0002]
2. Floor panels, as defined in claim 1, characterized by the fact that the vertical flexible grooves (19) are covered with a lining layer (18).
[0003]
3. Floor panels, as defined in claim 2, characterized by the fact that the lining layer (18) is a foam.
[0004]
Floor panels according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vertical flexible grooves (19) are formed on a rear side of the plastic core layer (5b).
[0005]
Floor panels, as defined in claim 4, characterized by the fact that the vertical flexible grooves (19) have a length that is less than a length on the rear side of the plastic core layer (5b).
[0006]
Floor panels according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said plastic wear layers (3) and said one or more layers of plastic core (5a, 5b) comprise polyvinyl chloride , PVC.
[0007]
Floor panels according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said one or more layers of plastic core (5a, 5b) comprise fillers.
[0008]
Floor panels according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that said locking system comprises: a tongue (10) configured to cooperate with a tongue groove (9) in a locked position, and a strip (6) provided with a locking element (8) on the first edge (1), the locking element (8) being configured to cooperate with an open downward locking groove (14) in a locked position, being that the open downward locking groove (14) is formed on the second edge (1 ').
[0009]
Floor panels according to claim 8, characterized in that: the strip (6) comprises a strip body (7) with a cavity (20), the second edge (1 ') comprises a local protuberance (21) extending downwardly, the protrusion (21) is located in the cavity (20) when the floor panels are locked vertically and horizontally, and the cavity (20) extends entirely through the strip body (7).
[0010]
Floor panels according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vertical flexible grooves (19) are arranged in sets provided along a longitudinal direction of the floor panels, and in which said one layer The plastic core (5b) comprises parts that continuously extend in a transverse direction between the long edges (1) of the floor panels and between the adjacent assemblies of the vertical flexible grooves (19).
[0011]
11. Floor panels, as defined in claim 10, characterized by the fact that each pattern comprises the same number of vertical flexible grooves (19), the vertical flexible grooves (19), in adjacent sets, being adjusted.

类似技术:

公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题

BR112014003962B1|2021-04-13|FLOOR PANELS PROVIDED WITH A LOCKING SYSTEM

US9447587B2|2016-09-20|Methods and arrangements relating to surface forming of building panels

同族专利:

公开号 | 公开日

UA115038C2|2017-09-11|

JP2019105157A|2019-06-27|

CN107869228A|2018-04-03|

KR102052191B1|2019-12-04|

US20160265234A1|2016-09-15|

JP2021038654A|2021-03-11|

PL2751356T3|2020-03-31|

CN103748300B|2017-10-31|

KR20190135569A|2019-12-06|

KR20140068068A|2014-06-05|

WO2013032391A1|2013-03-07|

RU2014109770A|2015-10-10|

US10669724B2|2020-06-02|

RU2017136160A3|2020-12-11|

LT3115161T|2020-01-10|

US20210032877A1|2021-02-04|

JP2017101550A|2017-06-08|

EP3552784A1|2019-10-16|

EP3115161B1|2019-11-13|

CA2844818A1|2013-03-07|

CA2844818C|2021-04-13|

US10066400B2|2018-09-04|

RU2017136160A|2019-02-08|

SI3115161T1|2020-07-31|

EP2751356B1|2019-06-12|

DK3115161T3|2020-01-27|

US9714515B2|2017-07-25|

PT3115161T|2020-02-06|

RU2672903C2|2018-11-20|

US20170268238A1|2017-09-21|

US9758972B2|2017-09-12|

JP6105587B2|2017-04-05|

CN103748300A|2014-04-23|

BR112014003962A2|2017-03-21|

CN106049804A|2016-10-26|

RU2742684C2|2021-02-09|

EP2751356A1|2014-07-09|

ES2769906T3|2020-06-29|

MY175339A|2020-06-19|

JP6801025B2|2020-12-16|

US20180313094A1|2018-11-01|

EP3115161A1|2017-01-11|

KR102197543B1|2020-12-31|

US20160194883A1|2016-07-07|

JP6480491B2|2019-03-13|

CN112709400A|2021-04-27|

US20130047536A1|2013-02-28|

EP2751356A4|2016-06-01|

US9314936B2|2016-04-19|

JP2014525527A|2014-09-29|

HUE047989T2|2020-05-28|

RS59933B1|2020-03-31|

HRP20192296T1|2020-03-06|

DE202012013358U1|2016-08-25|

PL3115161T3|2020-05-18|

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